Excursion #1: Lavrion-Sounion Archaeological Site
The Lavreotiki area, at the SE end of Attica, was the largest silver-mining centre in both ancient and modern Greece. The systematic exploitation of the mineral wealth of the area began during the transitional period from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age (3200 BC). In the Bronze Age, the mines of Lavrio supplied the great civilisations of the Aegean (Cycladic, Minoan and Mycenaean) with silver, lead and copper. During the Classical period (5th and 4th c.BC) the exploitation of the mines by the city of Athens became extremely important to the creation of the great Athenian fleet and the financing of the major building projects of the Athenian Hegemony. The silver of Lavrio set the foundations of the city-state of Athens, making it possible to mint the famous silver “Owl” coin of Athens, and thus transported by trade to all parts of the known world. In the archaeological site of Souriza we encounter the remnants of mining shafts that served as the lifeblood of silver extraction. Thirteen mining shafts have been discovered, each showcasing the ingenuity and resourcefulness of ancient miners. In addition to the mining shafts, Souriza reveals the existence of seven metallurgical workshops. These workshops were pivotal in processing the extracted minerals, with each area designated for specific tasks. The site also includes residential areas where the mining community resided. These dwellings provide a glimpse into the daily lives of those who toiled in the mines and highlight the importance of a supportive infrastructure for sustaining mining operations.
Sounion, located at the southern tip of the Attica peninsula in Greece, is home to the iconic Temple of Poseidon. This ancient Greek temple, perched atop a cliff overlooking the Aegean Sea, holds historical significance as a symbol of maritime power for Athens. With its breathtaking views, rich mythology, and natural beauty, Sounion offers visitors a captivating journey through time and an opportunity to immerse themselves in the majesty of ancient Greece.
Excursion #2: Marathon
Marathon, situated on the eastern coast of Attica, presents a unique amalgamation of heritage and nature. Here, in 490 BCE, a decisive battle took place between the Athenians and the Persian Empire. This historic event marked a turning point in Greek history and showcased the indomitable spirit of the Athenians. Besides the battlefield and the monuments that commemorate this epic event (the Tomb of the Athenians, the trophy of the battle) Marathon hosts various archaeological sites such as the Sanctuary of the Egyptian Gods, the Vranas cemetery, the residential remains in Tsepi, the so-called Sanctuary of Apollo Pythios at Oinoe etc. Beyond its historical significance, Marathon is blessed with natural beauty. Picturesque trails meander through forests, hills, and scenic coastlines. Marathon is also home to the renowned Marathon Lake, a tranquil oasis surrounded by serene nature. Marathon also hosts the annual Athens Authentic Marathon, a world-renowned race that retraces the footsteps of Pheidippides, the legendary messenger who ran from Marathon to Athens to deliver news of the victory over the Persians.